Energiespeichermaterial Germanium
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Germanium''s existence was predicted before anyone isolated it. This was a triumph for Dmitri Mendeleev in his construction of the periodic table. By 1869, Mendeleev had assembled a crude table of the known elements, arranging them according to their chemical properties and atomic weights. But his table had a number of prominent gaps.
Is germanium a metal?
Germanium, a chemical element between silicon and tin in Group 14 (IVa) of the periodic table, a silvery-gray metalloid, intermediate in properties between the metals and the nonmetals. It did not become economically significant until after 1945, when its properties as a semiconductor were recognized.
Where did germanium come from?
Germanium was first isolated by Clemens Winkler in 1886 from the mineral argyrodite (Ag 8 GeS 6) . The metalloid is present as a trace element in Earth’s crust with an average concentration of 1.6 ppm , .
What materials can be used to build quantum information-processing devices in germanium?
Three materials platforms have emerged as strong contenders in the race to build quantum information-processing devices in germanium: Ge/Si core/shell nanowires (NWs), Ge hut wires (HWs) and Ge/SiGe planar heterostructures. Each of these platforms offers specific advantages but also poses challenges, as we shall discuss.
What is the atomic abundance of germanium?
In the cosmos the atomic abundance of germanium is 50.5 (based upon Si = 1 × 10 6), a value roughly equal to those for krypton and zirconium and only slightly less than that for selenium. The cosmic abundance is much less than those of a number of the heavier elements; e.g., bromine, strontium, tin, barium, mercury, and lead.
What is germanium used for?
J.J. Zhang, J. Ni, in Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, 2016 Germanium, a group-IV semiconductor, offers a wide range of established and potential technological applications in microelectronics, optoelectronics, and photonics.
Is germanium a free element?
Germanium is widely distributed in nature but is too reactive to occur free. Primary minerals include argyrodite (from which it was first isolated), germanite, renierite, and canfieldite, all of them rare; only germanite and renierite have been used as commercial sources for the element.